Videnskaben bag akupunktur
Palle Rosted
Der hersker stor forskningsaktivitet på akupunkturens område og nedenfor er angivet resultatet af en Medline søgning fra starten af Medline i midten af tresserne til maj 2007. Ligeledes er angivet typen af undersøgelser samt på hvilket sprog de er forfattet. Som det fremgår af ovenstående ,er langt de fleste undersøgelserne affattet på engelsk, og det er yderst begrænset, hvad der er publiceret i de Nordiske lande.
Tabel 1.
Cochrane biblioteket er en verdensomspændende institution, hvor forskere analyserer den foreliggende litteratur, for på baggrund heraf at sætte standarder for en tekniks anvendelighed for en given lidelse. Imidlertid er det i sagens natur umuligt for Cochrane biblioteket konstant at ajourføre disse reviews, og et givent Cochrane review bør bedømmes med forbehold, idet al senere litteratur bør medtages i en samlet vurdering af en behandlings effektivitet. Ligeledes er det også umuligt for Cochrane biblioteket at lave reviews for samtlige lidelser og behandlingsmåder, hvorfor antallet af reviews er begrænset.
Nedenfor er angivet konklusionen for de forhåndenværende Cochrane reviews. Da samtlige reviews er medtaget, er der for flere lidelser flere reviews, hvor den nyeste angiver vor nuværende opfattelse af behandlingens anvendelighed. De angivne emner er markeret med asteriks.
Tabel 2
Forklaring til konklusionerne:
Akupunktur effektiv = den foreliggende litteratur understøtter effekten af akupunktur for den givne lidelse.
Akupunktur formentlig effektiv = den foreliggende litteratur er ikke tilstrækkelig til at fremkomme med en endelig konklusion, men de foreliggende resultater synes at understøtte effekten af akupunktur.
Effekten usikker = den foreliggende litteratur er utilstrækkelig til bedømme en eventuel effekt eller manglende effekt.
Ingen effekt = den foreliggende litteratur finder ingen effekt baseret på den foreliggende litteratur.
Irrelevant = angiver, at den pågældende review er irrelevant i denne sammenhæng.
Referencer
1.Peng W, Zhao H, Liu Z, Wang S. Acupuncture for vascular dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;18(2):CD004987.
2.Pennick V, Young G. Intervention for preventing and treating pelvic and back pain in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;18(2):CD001139.
3.Lim B, Manheimer E, Lao L, Ziea E, Wisniewski J, Liu J, Berman B. Acupuncture for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;18(4):CD005111.
4.Smith CA, Collins CT, Cyna AM, Crother CA. Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;18(4):CD003521.
5.Wu HM, Tang JL, Lin XP, Lau J, Leung PC, Woo J, Li YP. Acupuncture for stroke rehabilitation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;19(3):CD004131
6.Cheuk DK, Wong V. Acupuncture for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;19(2):CD005062.
7.Ezzo JM, Richardson MA, Vickers A, Allen C, Dibble SL, Issell BF, Lao L, Pearl M, Ramirez G, Roscoe J, Shen J, Shivnan JC, Streitberger K, Treish I, Zhang G. Acupuncture poit stimulation for chemotherapy-induced nausea or vomiting. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;19(2):CD002285.
8.Gates S, Smith LA, Foxcroft DR. Auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;25(1):CD005192.
9.White AR, Rampes H, Cambell JL. Acupuncture and related interventions for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;25(1):CD000009.
10.Rathbone J, Xia J. Acupuncture for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;19(4):CD005475.
11.Casimiro L, Barnsley L, Brosseau L, Milne S, Robinson Va, Tugwell P, Wells G. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;19(4):CD003788.
12.Thomas LH, Barrett J, Cross S, French B, Leathley M, Sutton C, Watkins C. Prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence after stroke in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;20(3):CD004462.
13.Green S, Buchbinder R, Hetrick S. Acupuncture for shoulder pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;18(2):CD005319.
14.Glazener CM, Evans JH, Cheuk DK. Complementary and miscellaneous interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;18(2):CD005230.
15.Smith CA, Hay PP. Acupuncture for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;18(2):CD004046.
16.Coyle ME, Smith CA, Peat B. Cephalic version by moxibustion for breech presentation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;18(2):CD003928.
17.Zhang SH, Liu M, Asplund K, LI L. Acupuncture for acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;18(2):CD003317.
18.Furlan AD, van Tulder MW, Cherkin DC, Tsukayama H, Lao L, Koes BW, Berman BM. Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;25(1):CD001351.
19.Lee A, Done ML. Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point P6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(3):CD003281.
20.Smith CA, Crowther CA. Acupuncture for induction of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(1):CD002962.
21.He L, Zhau D, Wu B, Li N, Zhou MK. Acupuncture for Bell’s Palsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(1):CD002914.
22.Al-Ani MZ, Davies SJ, Gray RJ, Sloan P, Glenny AM. Stabilisation splint therapy for temporomandibular dysfunction syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(1):CD002778.
23.McCarney RW, Brinkhaus B, Lasserson TJ, Linde K. Acupuncture for chronic asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(1):CD000008.
24.Jewwell D, Young G. Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(4):CD000145.
25.Smith CA, Collins CT, Cyna AM, Crowther CA. Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(2):CD003521.
26.O´Connor D, Marshall S, Massy-Westorpp N. Non surgical treatment (other than steroid injection) for carpal tunnel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(1):CD003219.
27.Casimiro L, Brosseau L, Milne S, Robinson V, Wells G, Tugwell P. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture for the treatment of RA. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(3):CD003788.
28.Furlam AD, Brosseau L, Imamura M, Irvin E. Massage for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(2):CD001929.
29.White AR, Rampes H, Ernst. Acupuncture for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(2):CD000009.
30.Green S, Buchbinder R, Barnsley L, Hall S, White M, Smidt N, Assendelft W. Acupuncture for lateral elbow pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(1):CD003527.
31.Proctor ML, Smith CA, Farquhar CM, Stones RW. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture for primary dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(1):CD002123.
32.Young G, Jewell D. Interventions for preventing and treating pelvic and back pain in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(1):CD001139.
33.Tulder MW VA, Cherkin DC, Berman B, Lao L, Koes BW. Acupuncture for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD001351.
34.Milne S, Welch V, Brosseau L, Saginur M, Shea B, Tungwell P, Wells G. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001;(2):CD003008
35.Smith CA, Crowther CA. Acupuncture for induction of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001;(1):CD002962.
36.Melchart D, Linde K, Fischer P, Berman B, White A, Wickers A, Allais G. Acupuncture for idiopatisk headache. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001;(1):CD001218.
37.Osiri M, Welch V, Brosseau L, Shea B, McGowan J, Tugwell P, Wells G. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for knee osteoarthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(4):CD002823.
38.White AR, Rampes H, Ernst E. Acupuncture for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000009.
39.Linde K, Jobst K, Panton J. Acupuncture for chronic atshma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000008.
40.Gadsby JG, Flowerdew MW. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000210.
